Identificação dos sistemas de produção agropecuária do arenito caiuá sujeitos a erosão utilizando o modelo AGNPS

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The series of impacts due to the inadequate exploitation of natural resources by agriculture produces, among other effects, the erosion of the soils, which causes serious damage to the society through the reduction of its productive capacity and the continuous contamination of surface water with sediments, material and organic matter, chemical products and nutrients. The search for conservationist technological alternatives that allow the development of integrated production systems which respect the environment and meet social and economic demands is the only way to reverse the processes of human and environmental degradation stemming from agricultural activities. In this context, this work is a proposal for the use of a model to identify the areas and activities that promote the production of sediments in a hydrographic watershed. It is founded on the principle that such sediments are generated by the surface runoff water to the soil and by the hydric erosion, potentially affected by the real conditions of soil use and management. In order to design this project, data from the Inhacanga river watershed basin, located in the town of Altônia, northwest of the State of Paraná, were used. The information concerning the meteorological events was obtained from a network of hydrosedimentological stations. For the estimate of the sediments and nutrients produced, the mathematical model Agricultural Non-Point Pollution Source Model ? AGNPS was used associated with the techniques of the Geographical Information System ? GIS in order to map the study areas. The data related to the production of sediments carried in the river and the pluviometry obtained in the bay were compared with the model estimated values, based on simulations, which considered the map of soil use and occupation in different scenarios and the real precipitation events. The results obtained were identified, assessed and compared with the areas of highest sediment production generated by the surface erosion, correlated with cultures, types of management and the employed conservationist practices, generating final maps of soil losses in a rural hydrographic watershed. The change in the coverage system allowed the analysis and the establishment of the role of each factor involved in the Universal Soil Loss Equation ? USLE.

ASSUNTO(S)

erosão solos - erosão solos - manejo solo e clima microbacias hidrográficas análise de sedimentação erosion soils erosion soils management

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