HLA-G polymorphism in mother-child transmission of HIV-1 / Polimorfismo do HLA-G na transmissão materno-infantil do HIV-1

AUTOR(ES)

Roberta Seron Sanches

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

14/12/2012

RESUMO

The main way of HIV-1 infection in children is mother-child transmission (MTCT). TMI rates estimates for HIV-1 are 3% in pregnant women in antiretroviral therapy and 25 to 30% for untreated ones. Despite the viral exposure during pregnancy, most newborns are not vertically infected, suggesting the existence of protective barriers to TMI of HIV-1. Several factors may be associated with MTCT of HIV-1. Genetic polymorphisms are described in association with HIV-1, including the human leukocyte antigens (HLA). The molecule HLA-G has been implicated in maternal-fetal immune interactions and is expressed in placenta cells, particularly in extravillous cytotrophoblasts, forming the layer responsible for the interface between fetal and maternal tissues. This study evaluated the HLA-G 14pb insertion and deletion polymorphisms in MTCT of HIV-1. Participated in the study 86 mother-child pair, 58 mother-child pairs in which the MTCT did not occur and 28 doubles in which the MTCT occurred. The results showed a higher frequency of genotype deletion/deletion in mothers in which MTCT occurred belonging to the group without using antiretroviral (p=0.05). Significant association was observed between prior knowledge of seropositivity, conducting prenatal, use of antiretroviral during pregnancy and not breastfeeding to the prevention of MTCT (p <0.05). In this context, nursing can contribute to actions involving prenatal, birth and postpartum, conducting counseling for the conduct of HIV testing during prenatal care, proper use of antiretroviral and promotion of optimal infant feeding practices. Additionally, the study contributes to the expansion of nursing knowledge about the topic of HLA-G in MTCT, and highlights the importance of nursing, grounded in basic sciences, is involved in the production of knowledge and technology, which reflects improvement in the provision of patient\ s care.

ASSUNTO(S)

hiv-1 hiv-1 hla-g hla-g mother-to-child transmission transmissão materno-infantil

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