Fatores condicionantes na gênese dos argilominerais dos folhelhos negros e pelitos associados da formação Irati no norte da bacia do Paraná

AUTOR(ES)

Camila Wense Dias dos Anjos

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The Permian Irati Formation has an extensive distribution in the Paraná basin, and is frequently intruded by diabase sills. The heterogeneous geometry of the basin in the depositional time propitiated the development of different sedimentary facies in this unit and favored the deposition of terrigenous rocks in the south portion of the basin and carbonate and evaporitic rocks in the north portion. In the north area, six sedimentary facies were distinguished in the Irati Formation: Dolomitic Carbonate Facies, Lower Pelitic Facies, Oolitic Carbonate Facies, Upper Pelitic Facies, Stromatolitic Facies and Pink Carbonate Facies. The first four facies are recognized in all the north area of the basin, but the last two ones occur only next to Alto Garças city. The pelites of these facies have a distinct mineral composition when compared with other areas of the basin. The black shales and green claystones interbedded have low amounts of Al and alkalis and they are anomalously formed of saponite and nontronite respectively. Saponite occurs in rocks without sill thermal influence and also in the contact with intrusive rocks. Thus, it is necessary to identify the non-metamorphic assemblages from the metamorphic ones in order to research the geochemical signature of the sediment sources. Next to the sills, the crystals of saponite, talc, lizardite, pyroxene and plagioclase were formed. These metamorphic minerals can be distinguished from the sedimentary ones by their relative quantities and texture. The black shales without sill thermal influence are formed predominantly by saponite and quartz, with less amounts of talc, lizardite and nontronite. The interbedded green claystones are composed of nontronite, lizardite and quartz, and in lesser amounts of talc and saponite. The formation of the Mg- and Fe-rich clay minerals is related to the alteration of mafic minerals (pyroxene, amphibole, olivine), whose origin could be either a proximal source area or a distal contemporaneous active volcanos (ashes). The clay minerals components of the pelites (saponite, talc, lizardite and nontronite) as well as the detrital minerals associated (Cr-spinel, amphibole, pyroxene, chromite among others) indicate a source area with a predominant mafic/ultramafic composition. One level of green claystone formed by nontronite and quartz has anomalous amounts of euhedral zircon, monazite, apatite and chromite, as well as high amounts of REE. These features indicate an important volcanic ash contribution to this level. According to their geochemical composition, these volcanic ashes have an andesitic composition. Permian volcanic activities with intermediate to basic composition are recorded in the Mitu Group, Central Andes.

ASSUNTO(S)

folhelhos negros gênese geologia argilominerais metamorfismo de contato

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