Estudo de um programa de atividades que favorecem a aquisição de comportamento moral em pré-adolescentes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

On the Behavior Analysis perspective the moral behavior is developed under the control of multiple and complex contingencies arragements. The school, as the family, exerts an important role on the development of behaviors which are considered as socially adequated, it because the school, which constitutes a relevant part of the social environment, can establish contingencies to facilitate the apprenticeship of the moral behavior. According to this conception, it is possible that, through an adequated planning of contingencies, the moral behavior can be taught on school. The general objectives of this research were to assess the participant`s Moral Behavior Index (MBI) and to identify which kind of activities could promote the acquisition or the reinforcement of moral behavior on pre-adolescents. It was offered to the regular students of a Elementary School an activities program directed to the acquisition and the reinforcement of the following classes of moral behavior: judge according to justice criteria, behaving in a fair, truth, honest, empathic and generous way. Twenty 12-13 pre-adolescents volunteers of both genders have took part on this research. The pre-adolescents, which were students of the 7th grade of the Elementary School, were divided into two groups: experimental (EG) and control (CG). The program, applied to the EG (with 10 students) was composed of 11 fifty minutes weekly meetings which occurred during two months. The program was conducted by a researcher instructor with the support of two collaborators. Three kinds of activities were part of the program: activities of reading and discussing some brief thematics; dramatizations, games and experiences and complementary extra-class activities. To measure the effects of the program it were used the Moral Behavior Questionnaire as a pre and a post-test instrument, and also the reports (written and oral) of the students and the direct observation of the behavior of the participants during the meetings. Comparing the pre and post-test questionnaire results, it has been verified a plus of 4 points on the EG and a loss of 3 points on the CG. Some of the program variables - as for example, the complexity of the target behavior, the short duration of each meeting, the reduced number of meetings and the limits of the measuring instrument used - could explain the low variation on the pre and post- test results.The results concerning the behavior classes showed that the ?behaving in a generous way class? presented numbers which are very similar among the EG and the CG. On the other classes, the EG results showed a tendency to the increasing of the points, while the CG tended to a decrease. The programmed activities, in general, demonstrated to be useful to the moral behavior teaching. The promotion of a low punitive environment and the reduced number of participants were variables which facilitate the development of the activities.A high level of student?s membership and interest by the proposed activities were noted. The results of this study allow to supose that this kind of program, implemented for a longer period, could contribute to the apprenticeship of the moral behavior on the schoolar context. However, to future researches some adaptations are suggested, such as: the adequation of the pre and post-test measure instrument, the change on the introduction order of some behavior classes, the increase in the number and duration of the meetings and the parent´s inclusion on the program activities, among others.

ASSUNTO(S)

pré-adolescentes - conduta behavioral analysis adolescent behavior comportamento - análise

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