Efeitos hemodinâmicos da ventilação não invasiva com pressão positiva em pacientes com estenose mitral sintomática / Hemodynamic effects of positive pressure noninvasive ventilation in patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) impacts hemodynamic changes in heart failure patients by impending cardiac filling and reduces cardiac afterload by reducing left ventricular transmural pressure. These effects may collaborate for the success of this therapy in patients with pulmonary congestion. However, to your knowledge, no study has evaluated the hemodymanic effects of CPAP in patients with mitral stenosis, which is a common etiology of pulmonary congestion in some developing countries. Objectives: analyze the effects of CPAP on hemodynamic parameters in patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis. Methods: Forty patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis were included. They were monitored by aorta pressure and the insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter. Hemodynamic and gasometrical data were collected in each study period. Patients were evaluated in three study periods. Baseline condition was during spontaneous breathing. We applied CPAP 7 cm H2O in the second period and 14 cm H2O in the last period of the study. Were excluded patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, other valvopathy more than mild, and left atrial thrombi assessed by echocardiography and patients with history or symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Percentage changes of stroke volume (deltaSV) were calculated with the values at baseline set as 100% and were correlated to clinical, ecocardiographic, hemodynamic and gasometrical data (at baseline). Patients were classified in group I if deltaSV was <= -10%, group II if deltaSV was between -9,9% and +9,9% or group III if deltaSV >= +10%. Results: During CPAP use, heart rate, systemic blood pressure and pulmonary artery pressure did not significantly change. At CPAP 7 cmH2O, deltaSV correlated positively with baseline values of diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and mean transmitral gradient. There was no variable capable to distinguish the groups. At CPAP 14 cmH2O, deltaSV correlated positively with functional class, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (measured by echocardiography), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and mean transmitral gradient. Not only, at CPAP 14 cmH2O, deltaSV correlated inversely to indexed stroke volume and central venous saturation. Responders (group III) had superior pulmonary artery pressure (measured by echocardiography), systolic pulmonary artery pressure, diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and mean transmitral gradient. The comparison between groups I and II did not evidence any variable capable to distinguish them. Conclusion: CPAP improved stroke volume in those with mitral stenosis with greater clinical and hemodynamic impact, characterized by higher functional limitation, pulmonary hypertension and mean transmitral gradient and lower central venous saturation and indexed stroke volume.

ASSUNTO(S)

hypertension pulmonary mitral valve stenosis processos hemodinâmicos volume sistólico hemodynamic processes stroke volume hipertensão pulmonar continuous positive airway pressure estenose da valva mitral pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas

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