Economia política do imobiliário : o programa Minha Casa Minha Vida e o preço da terra urbana no Brasil / Political economy of real estate : "Minha Casa Minha Vida" housing policy and urban land prices in Brazil

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/03/2012

RESUMO

This work examines connections between the housing program "MinhaCasa Minha Vida - MCMV" (My House, My Life) and the recent increase in land prices in Brazil. The path for the analysis favored the political-economic aspects of real estate markets, in an approach to the housing program effects (direct and indirect) on the speculative processes of land prices in Brazil. The recent changes do not represent a breaking point on housing financial policies. Beyond the MCMV scope there is an on-going process that has reconfigured this broad sector of the national economy, which has expanded in recent years both from a financial standpoint (through financialization processes) as well on a geographical perspective (due to the growth and the expansion of real estate companies over urban frontiers and cities never explored before) (Fix, 2011).The first chapter presents some elements of marxist political economy in order to formulate a critical analysis about real estate issues. The chapter provides a synthesis on the real estate problem under a marxist perspective, which emphasizes the understanding of ground rent in the housing production process, the relationship between ground rent and circulation of interest bearing capital, and the formation of fictitious capital and financial crisis in anticipation of future value. The second chapter recovers connections between real estate markets and the current crises of capitalism. As explained by Harvey (2011), the understanding about the current crisis depends on the understanding of how the last big crisis was solved. In this perspective, the research recovers aspects of the 70s crisis and analyzes the connections between those crises and major housing finance programs in Brazil. The MCMV coincides with the crisis of 2007/2008 such as the largest national housing policy financed by BNH (National Housing Bank) coincides with the oil crisis in 1973. Although BNH was created in 1964, the expansion of housing credit in Brazil began with the creation of FGTS in 1966 and from the collection of a portion of salaries. Both times have in common its origin in the structural crisis of capital, which found new ways to limber capital and precarious labor since the 60s (Rodrigues, 2011). Understanding those similarities in a new context of financialization explain the housing finance policy not only through the absorption of payroll, but also through the speculative processes promoted by rentiers and financial circuits under the increase of estate prices (which refers to the expected increase on ground rent that can be achieved in land markets and do not correspond necessarily to the labor-value applied).The third and final discuss the housing problem in Brazil, specifically the dynamics between formal and informal production of housing directed to low-wage families workers needs. The focus is divided between the informal market - including slums, illegal settlements, tenements, etc. - and the formal housing provision, which includes the MCMV.

ASSUNTO(S)

política habitacional sociologia urbana mercado imobiliário housing policy urban sociology real estate market brazil

Documentos Relacionados