Ecologia comportamental e diversidade em um sistema hospedeiro-parasitóide : vespas parasitóides de Schismatodiplosis lantanae Rübsaamen, 1916 (Cecidomyiidae) em Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae)

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2012

RESUMO

We investigated the ecology of parasitoid wasps attacking Schismatodiplosis lantanae Rübsaamen, 1916 (Cecidomyiidae) galls on leaves of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae). The first article discusses the behavioral ecology of the parasitoid wasp Torymus sp. (Torymidae, Hymenoptera), reporting how their females defend oviposition resources on the hosts, changing their behavior due to the presence of a conspecific female in the patch. The identity of the wasp (resident or intruder) on the resource, female size and number and size of galls in the patch were factors studied through analysis of the behaviors revealed by video recordings of the laboratory experiments. Females change their behavior in the presence of a competitor in a territory with hosts. The strategy was to threat, raising their antennae and wings to expel the competitor of the patch. The probability of an attack on a conspecific females depended on the host exploitation time and time spent on the galled leaf. Interest in host by intruders was the main cause for conflicts. The second article reports the diversity of parasitoid wasps and a host-parasite cycle during one year period in the L. camara leaf galls system. Nine parasitoid wasp species were found, divided in four families. A cycle between parasitism and host survival was found during the sampling period. Wasp species are more abundant from July to January and host survival higher from February to May. Behavioral strategies of parasitoid wasp females toward their hosts and conspecifics have been elucidated, with the system composed of different parasitoid wasp species apparently going through an annual cycle of parasitism rate. These observations may contribute to a better understanding of parasitoid behavioral ecology and host-parasitoid dynamics, enabling more efficient future biological control programs.

ASSUNTO(S)

behavior conflicts comportamento animal galls parasita : hospedeiro : relacao vespas host-parasitoid cycle lantana camara

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