Variabilidade fenotípica dos teores de óleo e proteína de cultivares de soja em diferentes ambientes / Phenotypic variability in the oil and protein contents of cultivars of soybean in different environments

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

The present work was developed with soybeans genotypes grown in different planting times and different soil types in the agricultural years of 2004/05, 2005/06 and 2006/07 in the municipalities of Viçosa-MG, Frutal-MG and Pindorama-SP respectively. In this work, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of advancing and delaying the harvest on germination and the oil and protein contents in seeds; evaluated the phenotypic variation and correlation of oil and protein content in the grains and SPAD readings and visual grades of coloration intensity in the leaves as well as adaptation and stability in four planting times in Viçosa; to evaluated the magnitude of the interaction genotypes x environment, adaptability and stability, based on yield and oil and protein contents of 15 genotypes of soybean in two planting times and two soil types in Frutal, and 17 genotypes in five planting times in Pindorama; and to evaluate based on oil and protein contents, adaptability and stability, through the parametrical method and non-parametrical, as well as to characterize the genetic divergence of 15 genotypes through multivariate techniques, in 13 different environments. The experimental design was a randomized blocks, with three replications. The oil and protein contents in the grains were determined on the basis of dry matter. We performed analyses of individual variance, followed by a joint analysis of variance in the effects of genotypes and environments were considered fixed. The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The analysis of adaptability and stability was made by the Eberhart and Russell and Annicchiarico methods. In the study of genetic divergence, were used agglomerative methods of Tocher and UPGMA. It can be concluded that the harvest of cultivar Valiosa RR soybean seeds can be anticipated up to 33 days (stage R5,3), without causing accentuated damages to its germination and, up to 15 days (stage R7,1) without influencing the oil and protein contents. In Viçosa the delaying of planting caused decrease the levels of oil and increase in protein content in a different way between the genotypes, and despite of a positive correlation, the SPAD reading and the visual grades didnt totally coincide with the selection and classification of genotypes for the protein content. In Frutal the protein content and productivity were more influenced by the interaction genotypes x soil, whereas the oil content by genotype x planting times, The productivity correlated negatively with the protein content, the same way that correlates well with the oil content highlighting the genotype PTN-Bio for protein, M- Soy 8001 for oil and M-Soy 8400 for grain yield. In Pindorama the highlights for protein and oil were the same, while in yield deployed to the genotype Elite. The correlation among productivity and oil content was positive in this site. Taking into account the 13 environments, the genotypes M-Soy 8001, Garantia, Sambaiba, UFV 16 and UFV 2005 were classified as of wide fitting and low stability for the oil level by the method of Eberhart and Russel. For protein content, the genotypes PTN-Bio and Guarantia, were classified in the same way, and the Splendor of as wide adaptability and high stability. The methodology Annicchiarico indicated as more stable and adapted, the genotypes M-soy 8001 and Guarantia for oil content and PTN-Bio and UFVTN 102, for protein content. The genotype M-Soy 8001 formed an isolate group for oil level in the pooling by the Tocher and UPGMA methods, whereas for protein, both showed a dissimilarity of PTN-Bio regarding to the other genotypes.

ASSUNTO(S)

protein proteína glicine max oil glicine max Óleo fitotecnia

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