Avaliação do estresse oxidativo, genotoxicidade e mutagenicidade em trabalhadores expostos a tintas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Organic solvents and metals, widely used in paints, can lead to DNA damages and reactives species (RS) generation. The aim of this study was to evaluate possibles oxidative, genotoxic and mutagenic damages in 33 male workers exposed for at least six months to paint. To constitute the control group 29 healthy individuals were choosen, without paint exposure, which matched in age with exposed group. Two sampling were performed to verify a possible DNA repair during the weekend: in the beginning and at the end of work week. The oxidative damages were evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reaction products (TBARS), carbonylated proteins (CP), superoxide dismutase (Sod) and catalase (Cat) activities. Hippuric acid (HA) and delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) were used as toluene and lead markers exposure, respectively. The genotoxicity was evaluated by comet assay (in peripherical blood) and by micronucleus (MN) test (in limphocytes and exfoliated buccal cells). The results showed no significant increase in TBARS levels in exposed group in relation to the control group. However, the lipidic damages was higher in Friday samples comparing to Monday samples (p = 0.008; z = -2.637). The proteins damage was higher in exposed group in comparison to control group exclusively in Friday samples (p = 0.032; z = -2.14). It was also observed that the workers exposed to paints showed lower Sod (p = 0.003; z = 2.935) and Cat (p = 0.025; z = -2.247) activities in Monday samples. The exposed group presented HA levels (p = 0.010; z = - 2.591) and ALA levels (p = 0.000; z = -4.487) higher than the control group. The workers exposed to paints presented a significant increase in DNA damage in both Monday (p = 0.000; z = -5.356) and Friday (p = 0.000; z = -6.456) samples. No increase was observed in MN frequency in limphocytes and buccal cells. However, the individuals exposed to paints showed an increase in nuclear buds (NBUDS) (Monday samples, p = 0.004, z = -2.894), a reduction in nuclear division index (NDI) (Friday samples, p = 0.000, z = -4.78) in lymphocytes and an increase in condensed chromatin frequency in buccal cells (Monday samples, p = 0.000, z = -4.503; Friday samples, p = 0.000, z = -5.203), indicating genic amplification and apoptosis induction. The DNA damage index (comet assay) correlated positively with average working time (r = 0.376; p = 0.031). It was also observed a positive correlation between time daily exposure and MN (Monday samples, r = 0.450; p = 0.018) and NBUDs (Friday samples: r = 0.402; p = 0.038) frequency. These results showed that paint exposure is able to generate DNA damages and these damages are being repaired during the weekend.

ASSUNTO(S)

ciências da saúde toxicologia genética stress oxidativo mutagênese tintas trabalhadores - avaliação de riscos de saúde genetic toxicology oxidative stress mutagenesis ink employees - health risk assessment

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