Avaliação da toxicidade da Ipomoea carnea em caprinos durante o período perinatal: estudos de neuroteratologia / Evaluation of the toxicity of Ipomoea carnea in goats during postnatal period

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Ipomoea carnea, a shrub plant, is a toxic plant largely distributed throughout Brazil and others topical countries. This plant possess swainsonine, an indolizidinic alkaloid as the most important active toxic principle, which promotes cellular accumulation of not metabolized oligossacarides, due to inhibition of acid or lisossomal αmanosidasis enzyme, causing cellular vacuolization. This alkaloid also inhibits manosidase II of the golgi complex, modifying the glycoprotein synthesis, processing and carrier. It is well known that the ingestion of the plant promotes toxic effects in the central nervous system, liver, kidney, thyroid and pancreas, particularly in goats the most susceptible species. Previous researches conducted in this laboratory had proposed a protocol to evaluate teratogenic effects of xenobiotics in ruminants, using goats as animal model. In relation to I. carnea, an earlier study using this protocol revealed the teratologic effect. The aim of this research is to add to this protocol the evaluation of the neonate´s behavior. Twenty seven female goats were divided into 4 groups: 3 experimental and 1 control. The experimental goats received from gestation day 35 to parturition day the following doses of I. carnea fresh leaves: 1, 3 and 5 g/kg/day. During the pregnancy females were clinically accompanied, evaluating behavior and general body status, and serum biochemistry were performed. Fetuses were evaluated during pregnancy using ultrasonographic measurements. The parturition of all dams was assisted and mother-offspring behaviour was examined during the two consecutive hours post partum. Kid´s development was examined using various neurobehavioral tests up to 6 weeks of age. The data obtained showed abortion (n=1) in the females treated with 3 and 5g/kg/day I. carnea. Fetal dead (n=2) were observed in the females that eating highest dose of I. carnea. None of the treated dam presented neurologic effects during all gestational period. Aspartate-amine transferase and alkaline phosphatase were increased in experimental females. Offspring body weights were affected by exposure to I. carnea. Behavioral study revealed that treated dams were less likely to stand for nursing. Kids from I. carnea-treated females were unable to stand, nurse and recognize their mothers. These kids were also slower than controls to arrive at the mother in the maze tests. The present study complements previous research, confirming that I. carnea promotes reproductive alteration effects. In addition, the neurobehavioral tests employed here showed to be an important tool to monitorize the toxic effects promoted by toxicants during postnatal period. This research also suggests the inclusion of neurobehavioral evaluations in the ruminant´s teratology protocols.

ASSUNTO(S)

neuroteratology reproductive toxicology avaliação comportamental ipomoea carnea toxicologia da reprodução neuroteratologia goat caprino behavioral evaluation ipomoea carnea

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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