A oferta da homeopatia no Sistema Único de Saúde dos municípios de São Paulo : diferentes atores e distintas institucionalizações / The offering of homeopathy in São Paulo s municipalities : the different agents and differents institutions in the single health system

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed Complementary and Alternative Medicine to integrate health policies, especially when it comes to countries under development, starting with the challenge of devoting full attention to health. In May 2006, Brazil published the Directive #971 as part of the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC, in the original acronym), which encourages the inclusion of Homeopathy, among other practices, into the Single Health System (SUS). The present research analyzes the offering of homeopathy in municipalities within the state of São Paulo from 2000 to 2007, with the purpose of understanding the processes of setting up, implementing and interrupting the homeopathic care in these towns. Its methodology covers two phases: the first one of them accomplishes a statistical analysis of the homeopathy consultations registered at DATASUS from 2000 to 2007, whereas the second phase involves semi-structured telephonic interviews with the managers responsible for the towns that offered homeopathic care during the same period. The results from the first phase enabled a typology of the towns involved in the study, according to the offering of homeopathic consultations. The first type of municipality was called constant type, referring to the towns that maintained a continuous attendance along the period; the second type was called discontinuous, referring to towns that interrupted the offering of homeopathy during the period and the third type was called late, referring to towns that started to offer homeopathy at some moment between 2001 and 2007. There were trends of increase and decrease in the amount of the homeopathic consultations accomplished; the second trend was observed in the period from 2000 to 2007, after the publication of the PNPIC. The second stage of this research analyses the municipal managers perceptions on both facilitators and hinders for the implementation and maintenance of homeopathy care, as well as on the necessary factors for organizing such care. It also examines the influence of the PNPIC on the process of inserting homeopathy into the public health system and on the drafting of municipal laws, plus the influence of both the homeopathy practitioner and municipal manager on the homeopathy implementation and social control. Another subject investigated during the second phase of this research was the organization of homeopathy care in the towns where it was being offered, according to: care levels, demand, features of the homeopathic consultations, homeopathy school, models of schedules and factors that favored the increase on the accomplishment of consultations. As a conclusion, this study remarks that when municipalities incorporate non-conventional practices which do not share the allopathic conceptions of health-disease-healing, they are ruled by political affairs and social demand as much as by the knowledge and interest of their local managers, led by political pressure

ASSUNTO(S)

homeopatia saúde pública atenção primaria a saude sistema Único de saúde (brasil) humanização na saude homeopathy public health healthy primary attention single health system (brasil) humanization in health

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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