A homogeneidade da rentabilidade bancária em relação a tamanho, origem de capital e operações de crédito / The banking profitability homogeneity in relation to size, kind of control and credit operation

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Nowadays, the brazilian society has criticized banks profits considered excessively high. This situation has motivated government initiatives to protect the consumer from the banking charges and taxes. Besides, the society seems to face the segment in a homogeneous way, without realizing the differences among the banks. This research has the goal to identify differences, in terms of profitability, among the banks, in order to motivate a less superficial approach, and, eventually, contribute for future government initiatives related to this segment. In order to accomplish, the banking profitability homogeneity was assessed relative to the kind of control, size and level of credit operation, using a brazilian banking database between the years of 1996 and 2006. The total period was divided into three parts, namely, respectively, 1st (1996-1998), 2nd (1999-2002) and 3rd (2003-2006) periods, with the intent of identifying changes in the several categories relation from one period to another and to evaluate the homogeneity in profitability within the periods. The correspondence analysis (ANACOR) and the homogeneity analysis (HOMALS) were the statistical techniques applied in this research. The main hypothesis, that the banking profitability is not homogeneous in relation to any one of the three variable chosen, was reject. Although, it was found that the banking profitability is homogeneous just in relation to the banking size, otherwise, in general, has a non-homogeneous behavior when considering the kind of control, level of credit operation, and periods. The lowest profitable category was associated to the 1st period, while the highest profitable categories were associated to the 2nd e 3rd periods. The domestic private banks were associated with the highest profits and level of credit operation categories; the government owner banks apparently enhance their performance during the periods, getting, progressively, further away from the lowest profit category; while the foreign banks showed a volatile performance, associated with the middle profit category in the 1st period, the highest in the 2nd and the lowest in the 3rd period. In the last period, the foreign banks associated to the lowest profit category, which seems to mean a worse performance than government owned banks, this was not found before in the national literature.

ASSUNTO(S)

kind of control correspondence analysis crédito bancário análise de correspondência bancos banks financial system sistema financeiro contabilidade bancária banking credit banking accounting

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